2024 Трансформация экосистем 7 (4), 3-20

Биодеградация нонилфенола бактериальным штаммом Pseudomonas umsongensis в водной среде и почвенном микрокосме

Зайцева Т.Б. , Медведева Н.Г.

Загрязнение окружающей среды нонилфенолами (НФ) является серьезной экологической проблемой вследствие их персистентности, токсичности и способности оказывать негативное влияние на эндокринную систему человека и животных. Биодеградация НФ является наиболее экологически безопасным и эффективным способом снижения их содержания в водных и почвенных экосистемах. Из дерново-подзолистой почвы, загрязненной НФ, выделен новый бактериальный штамм Pseudomonas umsongensis 16, способный деструктировать НФ в водных средах и почвенном микрокосме. Деструктивные свойства штамма 16 в отношении НФ проявляются в широких диапазонах температур (от +5 до +35°С), рН (5–9) и концентраций ксенобиотика – до 500 мг/л. Биоаугментация загрязненной нонилфенолом почвы клетками P. umsongensis 16 приводит к повышению эффективности деструкции НФ в почвенном микрокосме. Степень деструкции поллютанта возрастает в 1.9 раза при сокращении времени его полуудаления в 6.4 раза по сравнению с почвенным микрокосмом без внесения клеток штамма-деструктора. Установлено, что в результате биоаугментации в загрязненной НФ почве происходит восстановление активности почвенного фермента уреазы до уровня незагрязненной почвы. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при разработке биотехнологии очистки объектов окружающей среды, загрязненных нонилфенолами.

Т. Б. Зайцева
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук» (СПб ФИЦ РАН), Санкт Петербургский научно-исследовательский центр экологической безопасности Российской академии наук
197110, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Корпусная, д. 18

zaytseva.62@list.ru

Н. Г. Медведева
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Санкт-Петербургский Феде- ральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук» (СПб ФИЦ РАН), Санкт-Петер- бургский научно-исследовательский центр экологической безопасности Российской академии наук
197110, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Корпусная, д. 18

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